Let you buy a clear understanding of LCD TV panel knowledge


The liquid crystal panel is the display system of the LCD TV, which is the core component of the whole TV. The liquid crystal panel can largely determine the brightness, contrast, color and viewing angle of the liquid crystal display. The development speed of the liquid crystal panel is very fast. It has a close relationship with the liquid crystal display. Its various factors such as the output, the advantages and disadvantages, and the market environment are related to the quality, price and market trend of the liquid crystal display itself, because about 80% of the cost of a liquid crystal display is concentrated. On the panel.

In terms of panel types, LCD panel manufacturers now mainly include Sharp, Samsung, LG, AU Optronics, and Chi Mei. The wide viewing angle technology of LCD TV panels is divided into TN+Film (soft screen) camp, IPS (hard screen) camp and VA (soft screen) camp. There is a difference between them, let's take a closer look.

Let you buy it. LCD TV panel knowledge solution

First, TN + Film viewing angle expansion film (soft screen) This technology is still based on the traditional TN mode liquid crystal, but added a film process in the manufacturing process. The biggest feature of TN+Film wide-angle technology is its low price, low technology entry barrier and wide application. In general, the TN panel is a product with obvious advantages and disadvantages. The price is cheap, the output gray level is small, and the liquid crystal molecules deflect quickly, which makes the response time easy to increase, so that its response time can meet the game requirements. The advantage is that the visual angle is not ideal and the color performance is not true is its obvious disadvantage. Therefore, the liquid crystal display using TN panel sold in the market generally adopts the improved TN+FILM (compensation film) to make up for the shortage of the viewing angle of the TN panel, and the use of the color dithering technology also makes it possible to display only 26 The 10,000-color TN panel has a display capability of 16.2M.

Second, IPS (In Plane Switching plane control mode) The wide viewing point of the wide viewing angle technology (hard screen) is that its two poles are on the same surface, unlike the other liquid crystal mode electrodes are arranged on the upper and lower sides, three-dimensional arrangement. Since the electrodes are on the same plane, the liquid crystal molecules are always parallel to the screen regardless of the state, which will lower the aperture ratio and reduce the transmittance. Therefore, IPS applications will require more backlights on the LCD TV. The black it restores is slightly worse than the PVA, so it needs to rely on the compensation of the optical film to achieve better black; the IPS mode liquid crystal display has a characteristic that if you observe it at an oblique 45 degree angle, you will see a similar TN mode. Such a grayscale reversal phenomenon can be used as a marker for discriminating IPS. IPS also has the disadvantage of slow response time and difficulty in improving contrast. (S-IPS, AS-IPS is an improved version of IPS technology)

Third, VA-type panel is now a high-end LCD application panel type, 16.7M color number and large viewing angle is the high-end capital of this type of panel positioning, while VA class can be divided into MVA panel and PVA panel.

1. MVA (Multi-domain Vertical Alignment) (liquid screen) mode liquid crystal display, the long axis of liquid crystal molecules is not parallel to the screen like TN mode when not powered, but perpendicular to the screen, and each pixel is It consists of a plurality of such vertically oriented liquid crystal molecules.

2, PVA (Patterned Vertical Alignment) wide viewing angle technology (soft screen), PVA wide viewing angle technology is also in the category of VA technology, in fact it is very similar to MVA, can be said to be a variant of MVA. PVA uses a transparent ITO electrode instead of the liquid crystal layer protrusion in MVA. The transparent electrode can obtain a better aperture ratio and minimize the waste of the backlight. This mode greatly reduces the possibility of "bright spots" in the LCD panel, and the status in the LCD TV era is equivalent to the "management" of the CRT TV era. Samsung's PVA mode wide viewing angle technology is widely adopted by Japanese and American manufacturers due to its strong production capacity and stable quality control system. At present, this technology is widely used in high-end LCD TVs. (S-PVA is an improved version of PVA technology)

Fourth, CPA (Continuous Pinwheel Alignment) mode wide viewing angle technology (soft screen), CPA mode wide viewing angle technology is strictly a member of the VA camp. Each of the liquid crystal molecules is arranged in a flame-like manner radiating toward the center electrode. Since the electric field on the pixel electrode is continuously changed, this wide viewing angle mode is referred to as a "continuous flame-like arrangement" mode. The CPA is mainly promoted by Sharp, the father of LCD. It should be noted that the ASV that Sharp has always advocated does not refer to a specific wide viewing angle technology. It uses a wide viewing angle of TN+Film, VA and CPA. The products of technology are collectively referred to as ASV. In fact, only the CPA model is Sharp's own wide-angle technology, which is basically equivalent to MVA and PVA. In other words, the Sharp brand LCD TV is not necessarily the CPA mode LCD panel produced by Sharp itself. It may use the VA mode panel of Taiwan manufacturers or the LCD panel of other manufacturers.

Now the LCD screen on the market is divided into three files: the best quality is the Sharp screen; the second is the LCD screen of Japanese and Korean manufacturers, such as Samsung Sony LCD screen (S-LCD panel) and LG.Philips LCD screen (LPL panel) Finally, the screens produced by Taiwanese manufacturers, such as AUO and Chi Mei. They all have their own liquid crystal materials and panel structure, the advantages and disadvantages are not the same! Here are some common LCD panel features and methods of identification.

Sharp screen

Sharp screen, top LCD panel, ASV technology type adopted by Sharp screen and ExtraView type liquid crystal panel launched by NEC, which is characterized by true color reproduction and excellent viewing angle, is a famous king in the LCD market.

Teach you how to identify various types of LCD panels

Sharp LCD panel: The pixel is honeycomb or hexagonal, which is very characteristic. It is easy to see it carefully.

Samsung Sony screen S-LCD panel

The soft-screen panel is a panel type with high-end LCD applications. The 16.7M color number and large viewing angle are the high-end capital for this type of panel positioning. At the same time, the VA class can be divided into MVA panel and PVA panel.

PVA panel

1. In the MVA (Multi-domain Vertical Alignment) mode liquid crystal panel, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is not parallel to the screen as in the TN mode when the power is not applied, but is perpendicular to the screen, and each pixel is composed of multiple A vertically oriented liquid crystal molecule composition.

2, PVA (Patterned Vertical Alignment) wide viewing angle technology, PVA wide viewing angle technology is also in the category of VA technology, can be said to be a variant of MVA. PVA uses a transparent ITO electrode instead of the liquid crystal layer protrusion in MVA. The transparent electrode can obtain a better aperture ratio and minimize the waste of the backlight.

Teach you how to identify various types of LCD panels

The S-LCD panel is the PVA panel. The PVA mode wide viewing angle technology that Samsung mainly pushes is a half-pixel fish scale image with a thin line.

IPS panel

The biggest selling point of IPS (In Plane Switching) is that its two poles are on the same surface, unlike the other liquid crystal mode electrodes are arranged on the upper and lower sides. Since the electrodes are on the same plane, the liquid crystal molecules are always parallel to the screen regardless of the state, which will lower the aperture ratio and reduce the transmittance. Therefore, IPS applications will require more backlights on the LCD TV.

Teach you how to identify various types of LCD panels

The fish scale pixel direction of the IPS panel is oriented to the left. Unlike ordinary LCD screens, it is not easy to press the plum fingerprint by hand.

Taiwan screen

Teach you how to identify various types of LCD panels

In fact, most of the low-end products on the market use Taiwan screens. Most of the screen pixels in Taiwan are in the form of vertical bars. The viewing angle is small, and the Taiwan screen has almost no features.

The liquid crystal panel may cause light leakage, dead pixels, bright spots, etc. Light leakage mainly refers to the inconsistency between the liquid crystal body and the frame, which causes the light of the lamp to be transmitted. The bad point is that a certain point appears on any color background. The pixel is still pure black or pure white, and the bright spot is also a kind of dead pixel. This means that only one or two of the three liquid crystal cells of the corresponding pixel have a fault, and the red background is red. A pixel of one color in green and blue.

To detect whether there are problems such as bad lighting spots, the quality of the products is mainly examined in five colors: red, green, blue, white and black. Among them, red, green and blue are the basic colors of TV, used to detect bright spots, while black and white can be used to detect dead pixels. On a black background, pixels of one color of red, green, and blue are displayed; or dots that are originally red, green, and blue are white, which can be judged as bright spots, and is also a kind of dead pixels. .

The common problem with dead pixels is that the color is not controlled, only solid colors such as black and white are displayed, and images cannot be formed according to the dark changes in the control.

LCD TV dead pixels

1. After purchasing the LCD TV, be sure to check if the LCD TV is dead before confirming the receipt. It can be tested with a dedicated test disc, such as "AVIA", "Hivi Cast", "Digital Video Essentials", etc., available at general audio and video stores.

2. Link the TV to the laptop, and then display the monochrome background of pure black, pure white or pure red, pure green, and pure blue in full screen. Check carefully whether there are black, white, and different colored light points in the solid color. If there is, it means that the LCD TV has a bad point and should refuse to accept the goods.

3, if there is no computer link, you can first make 5 kinds of solid color DVD or 5 large solid color pictures in USB, and test it by DVD playback.

4. If the above method is not feasible for you, you can also directly connect to the cable TV, and use a certain picture in the TV program to detect it through the static image function of the TV.

In addition, you can use other professional testing software to test other indicators of the liquid crystal display. For example, the NOKIA MONITOR TEST software is a test program that consumers can bring with them on the disk. The software provides a total of 15 options, namely Geometry, Brightness and contrast, High Voltage, Colors, To control panel/display, Convergence, Focus, Resolution, Moire, Readability, Jitter, Sound, and more. For liquid crystal displays, in addition to not being able to test the response time, other main performance parameters are at a glance, and the bad points that consumers pay attention to are even more important. If the color purity, contrast, and brightness of the display are problematic, the B- and C-level panels will be invisible.

LCD TVs need to be cleaned after a while, but cleaning TV screens is also tricky.

The surface of the LCD screen looks like a solid black screen. In fact, the manufacturer adds a special coating to the screen. The main function of this special coating is to prevent the user from being reflected and glare by other light sources during use, and to enhance the color contrast effect of the liquid crystal screen itself. However, because the coating materials used by various manufacturers are not the same, of course, its durability will be different.

Common sense: Care should be taken when cleaning flat-panel TVs

Therefore, users should not use any alkaline solution or chemical solution to wipe the surface of the screen when cleaning, and can not use water and alcohol solution. Do not use the following liquids and objects as cleaning supplies: alcohol, water, detergent, soap, washing powder, coarse fiber cloth, decontamination wax, knife and hard tools.

To clean the TV screen, be sure to choose a professional cleaning cloth and cleaning solution. You can purchase a cleaning kit, including cleaning liquid and micro-fiber non-scratch cloth. The cleaning liquid has no damage to the LCD surface coating, and the micro fiber has no scratches. Can effectively erase dust and fingerprints. Note that when cleaning, spray the cleaning solution onto the cleaning cloth and wipe it gently in the same direction.

Also, when cleaning, do not spill water directly on the display surface. Water entering the LCD can cause a short circuit on the screen. If moisture has entered the LCD, it should be placed in a warmer place to allow the moisture and organic compounds to evaporate. After cleaning, let stand for 30 minutes, then electrify to remove moisture, otherwise the static electricity is too large, which will easily lead to the burning of the TV.

Also, don't look at the large size of flat-panel TVs, LCD screens are fragile items, even IPS hard screens are no exception, so avoid strong impact and vibration, do not put pressure on the screen surface.

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